(PDF) Diagnostic Imaging – Brain 3rd Edition by Anne G. Osborn

This is the PDF eBook version for Diagnostic Imaging – Brain 3rd Edition by Anne G. Osborn, Karen L. Salzman, Miral D. Jhaveri

Table of Contents

Pathology-based Diagnoses

Congenital Malformations

1 Congenital Malformations Overview

Hindbrain Herniations, Miscellaneous Malformations

2 Chiari 1

3 Chiari 2

4 Chiari 3

5 Callosal Dysgenesis

6 Lipoma

Hindbrain Malformations

7 Dandy-Walker Continuum

8 Rhombencephalosynapsis

9 Unclassified Cerebellar Dysplasias

10 Molar Tooth Malformations (Joubert)

Disorders of Diverticulation/Cleavage

11 Holoprosencephaly

12 Holoprosencephaly Variants

13 Syntelencephaly (Middle Interhemispheric Variant)

14 Septooptic Dysplasia

Malformations of Cortical Development

15 Microcephaly

16 Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

17 Heterotopic Gray Matter

18 Polymicrogyria

19 Lissencephaly

20 Schizencephaly

21 Hemimegalencephaly

Familial Tumor/Neurocutaneous Syndromes

22 Neurofibromatosis Type 1

23 Neurofibromatosis Type 2

24 von Hippel-Lindau

25 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

26 Sturge-Weber Syndrome

27 Meningioangiomatosis

28 Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome

29 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

30 Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis

31 Lhermitte-Duclos Disease

32 Neurocutaneous Melanosis

33 Aicardi Syndrome

34 Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

Trauma

35 Trauma Overview

Primary Effects of CNS Trauma

36 Scalp and Skull Injuries

37 Missile and Penetrating Injury

38 Epidural Hematoma, Classic

39 Epidural Hematoma, Variant

40 Acute Subdural Hematoma

41 Subacute Subdural Hematoma

42 Chronic Subdural Hematoma

43 Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

44 Cerebral Contusion

45 Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)

46 Subcortical Injury

47 Pneumocephalus

48 Child Abuse

Secondary Effects of CNS Trauma

49 Intracranial Herniation Syndromes

50 Post-Traumatic Brain Swelling

51 Traumatic Cerebral Ischemia/Infarction

52 Brain Death

53 Second Impact Syndrome

54 Traumatic Arterial Dissection

55 Traumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistula

56 Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Aneurysms

57 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage & Aneurysms Overview

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

58 Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

59 Perimesencephalic Nonaneurysmal SAH

60 Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

61 Superficial Siderosis

Aneurysms

62 Saccular Aneurysm

63 Pseudoaneurysm

64 Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia

65 ASVD Fusiform Aneurysm

66 Non-ASVD Fusiform Aneurysm

67 Blood Blister-like Aneurysm

Stroke

68 Stroke Overview

Nontraumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage

69 Evolution of Intracranial Hemorrhage

70 Spontaneous Nontraumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage

71 Hypertensive Intracranial Hemorrhage

72 Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage

73 Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage

Atherosclerosis and Carotid Stenosis

74 Intracranial Atherosclerosis

75 Extracranial Atherosclerosis

76 Arteriolosclerosis

Nonatheromatous Vasculopathy

77 Aberrant Internal Carotid Artery

78 Persistent Carotid Basilar Anastomoses

79 Sickle Cell Disease, Brain

80 Moyamoya

81 Primary Arteritis of the CNS

82 Miscellaneous Vasculitis

83 Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome

84 Vasospasm

85 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

86 Cerebral Amyloid Disease

87 CADASIL

88 Bechet Disease

89 Susac Syndrome

90 Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Cerebral Ischemia and Infarction

91 Hydranencephaly

92 White Matter Injury of Prematurity

93 Term Hypoxic Ischemic Injury

94 Adult Hypoxic Ischemic Injury

95 Hypotensive Cerebral Infarction

96 Childhood Stroke

97 Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome

98 Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Infarction

99 Subacute Cerebral Infarction

100 Chronic Cerebral Infarction

101 Multiple Embolic Cerebral Infarctions

102 Fat Emboli Cerebral Infarction

103 Lacunar Infarction

104 Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome

105 Dural Sinus Thrombosis

106 Cortical Venous Thrombosis

107 Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

108 Dural Sinus and Aberrant Arachnoid Granulations

Vascular Malformations

109 Vascular Malformations Overview

CVMs with AV Shunting

110 Arteriovenous Malformation

111 Dural AV Fistula

112 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation

CVMs without AV Shunting

113 Developmental Venous Anomaly

114 Sinus Pericranii

115 Cavernous Malformation

116 Capillary Telangiectasia

Neoplasms

117 Neoplasms Overview

Astrocytic Tumors, Infiltrating

118 Low-Grade Diffuse Astrocytoma

119 Anaplastic Astrocytoma

120 Glioblastoma

121 Gliosarcoma

122 Gliomatosis Cerebri

Astrocytic Tumors, Localized

123 Pilocytic Astrocytoma

124 Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma

125 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

126 Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma

Oligodendroglial and Miscellaneous Tumors

127 Oligodendroglioma

128 Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma

129 Astroblastoma

130 Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle

131 Angiocentric Glioma

Ependymal Tumors

132 Infratentorial Ependymoma

133 Supratentorial Ependymoma

134 Subependymoma

Choroid Plexus Tumors

135 Typical Choroid Plexus Papilloma

136 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma

Neuronal and Mixed Neuronal-Glial Tumors

137 Ganglioglioma

138 Desmoplastic Infantile Tumors

139 DNET

140 Central Neurocytoma

141 Extraventricular Neurocytoma

142 Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma

143 Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor

144 Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor

Pineal Parenchymal Tumors

145 Pineocytoma

146 Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation

147 Pineoblastoma

148 Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region

Embryonal and Neuroblastic Tumors

149 Medulloblastoma

150 Supratentorial PNET

151 Atypical Teratoid-Rhabdoid Tumor

152 Metastatic Neuroblastoma

Tumors of Cranial/Peripheral Nerves

153 Nonvestibular Schwannoma

154 Neurofibroma

Blood Vessel and Hemopoietic Tumors

155 Hemangioblastoma

156 Hemangiopericytoma

157 Primary CNS Lymphoma

158 Intravascular (Angiocentric) Lymphoma

159 Leukemia

Germ Cell Tumors

160 Germinoma

161 Teratoma

162 Miscellaneous Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasms

Metastatic Tumors and Remote Effects of Cancer

163 Parenchymal Metastases

164 Miscellaneous Intracranial Metastases

165 Metastatic Intracranial Lymphoma

166 Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Primary Nonneoplastic Cysts

167 Primary Nonneoplastic Cysts Overview

168 Arachnoid Cyst

169 Colloid Cyst

170 Dermoid Cyst

171 Epidermoid Cyst

172 Neuroglial Cyst

173 Periventricular Cyst

174 Choroid Fissure Cyst

175 Hippocampal Sulcus Remnant Cysts

176 Enlarged Perivascular Spaces

177 Pineal Cyst

178 Choroid Plexus Cyst

179 Ependymal Cyst

180 Porencephalic Cyst

181 Neurenteric Cyst

182 Nonneoplastic Tumor-associated Cysts

Infectious, Inflammatory, and Demyelinating Disease

183 CNS Infectious Disease Overview

Congenital/Neonatal Infections

184 TORCH Infections, Overview

185 Congenital CMV

186 Congenital HIV

187 Neonatal Herpes Encephalitis

Acquired Infections

188 Group B Streptococcal Meningitis

189 Citrobacter Meningitis

190 Meningitis

191 Abscess

192 Ventriculitis

193 Empyema

194 Herpes Encephalitis

195 Miscellaneous Encephalitis

196 West Nile Virus Encephalitis

197 HHV-6 Encephalitis

198 Cerebellitis

199 Rasmussen Encephalitis

200 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

201 Tuberculosis

202 Neurocysticercosis

203 Hydatid Disease

204 Amebic Disease

205 Cerebral Malaria

206 Miscellaneous Parasites

207 Fungal Diseases

208 Rickettsial Diseases

209 Lyme Disease

210 Acquired HIV Encephalitis

211 Acquired Toxoplasmosis

212 Acquired CMV

213 Cryptococcosis

214 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

215 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)

216 HIV/AIDS, Miscellaneous Manifestations

Inflammatory and Demyelinating Disease

217 Multiple Sclerosis

218 Neuromyelitis Optica

219 ADEM

220 AHLE

221 Clippers

Inherited Metabolic/Degenerative Disorders

222 Inherited Metabolic Disorders Overview

Normal Variants

223 Hypomyelination

Mitochondrial Disorders

224 Leigh Syndrome

225 MELAS

226 Kearns-Sayre Syndrome

Lysosomal Disorders

227 Mucopolysaccharidoses

228 Gangliosidosis (GM2)

229 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD)

230 Krabbe

231 Fabry Disease

Peroxisomal Disorders

232 Zellweger Syndrome Spectrum

233 X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy

234 Other Peroxisomal Disorders

Organic and Aminoacidopathies

235 Maple Syrup Urine Disease

236 Urea Cycle Disorders

237 Glutaric Aciduria Type 1

238 Canavan Disease

239 Alexander Disease

240 Miscellaneous Organic/Aminoacidopathies

Miscellaneous

241 Megalencephaly with Leukoencephalopathy and Cysts (MLC)

242 Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA)

243 PKAN

244 Huntington Disease

245 Wilson Disease

Acquired Toxic/Metabolic/Degenerative Disorders

246 Acquired Toxic/Metabolic Disorders Overview

Toxic, Metabolic, Nutritional, Systemic Diseases with CNS Manifestations

247 Pediatric Hypoglycemia

248 Adult Hypoglycemia

249 Kernicterus

250 Thyroid Disorders

251 Parathyroid Disorders

252 Fahr Disease

253 Alcoholic Encephalopathy

254 Hepatic Encephalopathy

255 Acute Hypertensive Encephalopathy, PRES

256 Chronic Hypertensive Encephalopathy

257 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

258 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

259 Drug Abuse

260 Methanol Poisoning

261 Cyanide Poisoning

262 Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome

263 Radiation and Chemotherapy

264 Pseudoprogression

265 Pseudoresponse

266 Mesial Temporal Sclerosis

267 Status Epilepticus

268 Transient Global Amnesia (TGA)

Dementias and Degenerative Disorders

269 Normal Aging Brain

270 Alzheimer Disease

271 Vascular Dementia

272 Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

273 Dementia with Lewy Bodies

274 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

275 Parkinson Disease

276 Multiple System Atrophy

277 Corticobasal Degeneration

278 Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

279 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

280 Wallerian Degeneration

281 Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis

282 Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration

Anatomy-based Diagnoses

Ventricles and Cisterns

283 Ventricles and Cisterns Overview

Normal Variants

284 Cavum Septi Pellucidi (CSP)

285 Cavum Velum Interpositum (CVI)

286 Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces

Hydrocephalus

287 Intraventricular Obstructive Hydrocephalus

288 Extraventricular Obstructive Hydrocephalus

289 Aqueductal Stenosis

290 Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

291 CSF Shunts and Complications

Sella and Pituitary

292 Sella and Pituitary Overview

Congenital

293 Pituitary Anomalies

294 Tuber Cinereum Hamartoma

295 Rathke Cleft Cyst

Neoplasms

296 Pituitary Microadenoma

297 Pituitary Macroadenoma

298 Pituitary Apoplexy

299 Craniopharyngioma

300 Pituicytoma

301 Spindle Cell Oncocytoma

302 Granular Cell Tumor

Miscellaneous

303 Empty Sella

304 Pituitary Hyperplasia

305 Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

CPA-IAC

306 CPA-IAC Overview

Congenital

307 Lipoma, CPA-IAC

308 Epidermoid Cyst, CPA-IAC

309 Arachnoid Cyst, CPA-IAC

Inflammatory

310 Bell Palsy

Vascular

311 Trigeminal Neuralgia

312 Hemifacial Spasm

Neoplasms

313 Vestibular Schwannoma

314 Meningioma, CPA-IAC

315 Metastases, CPA-IAC

Skull, Scalp, and Meninges

316 Skull, Scalp, & Meninges Overview

Congenital

317 Congenital Calvarial Defects

318 Craniostenoses

319 Cephalocele

320 Atretic Cephalocele

Trauma

321 Leptomeningeal Cyst (“Growing Fracture”)

322 Intracranial Hypotension

Nonneoplastic and Tumor-like Disorders

323 Ig G4 Related Diseases

324 Fibrous Dysplasia

325 Paget Disease

326 Extramedullary Hematopoiesis

327 Thick Skull

328 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Skull and Brain

329 Neurosarcoid

330 Miscellaneous Histiocytoses

331 Sebaceous Cyst

Neoplasms

332 Meningioma

333 Atypical and Malignant Meningioma

334 Miscellaneous Benign Mesenchymal Tumors

335 Miscellaneous Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors

336 Calvarial Hemangioma

337 Dura/Venous Sinuses Hemangioma

338 Myeloma

339 Skull and Meningeal Metastases