(PDF) Anatomy and Physiology for Speech, Language 6th Ed by Seikel

This is the PDF eBook version for Anatomy and Physiology for Speech, Language, and Hearing 6th Edition J. Anthony Seikel, David G. Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock

Table of Contents

Preface

About the Authors

About the Contributor

Acknowledgements

Introduction to Learner

Using this Text

Chapter 1. Basic Elements of Anatomy

Anatomy and Physiology

Terminology of Anatomy

Terminology of Anatomy

Terms of Movement

Parts of the Body

Building Blocks of Anatomy: Tissues and Systems

Tissues

Body Systems

Chapter Summary

Chapter 1 Study Questions

Chapter 1 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 2. Anatomy of Respiration

The Support Structure of Respiration

Overview

Vertebral Column

Pelvic and Pectoral Girdles

Ribs and Rib Cage

Soft Tissue of the Thorax and Respiratory Passageway

Movement of Air Through the System

Muscles of Inspiration

Muscles of Forced Expiration

Chapter Summary

Chapter 2 Study Questions

Chapter 2 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 3. Physiology of Respiration

The Measurement of Respiration

Instruments in Respiration

Respiration for Life

Effects of Turbulence on Respiration

Respiratory Cycle

Developmental Processes in Respiration

Volumes and Capacities

Volumes

Capacities

Pressures of the Respiratory System

Pressures Generated by the Tissue

Effects of Posture on Speech

Pressures and Volumes of Speech

Respiratory Pathologies Affecting Communication

Chronic Conditions

Chapter Summary

Chapter 3 Study Questions

Chapter 3 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 4. Anatomy of Phonation

A Tour of the Phonatory Mechanism

Framework of the Larynx

Cavities of the Larynx

Structure of the Larynx

Laryngeal Musculature

Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

Laryngeal Elevators and Depressors

Chapter Summary

Chapter 4 Study Questions

Chapter 4 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 5. Physiology of Phonation

Non-Speech Laryngeal Function

Laryngeal Function For Speech

A Brief Discussion of Acoustics

Instruments for Voicing

The Bernoulli Effect

Vocal Attack

Termination

Sustained Phonation

Vocal Register

Frequency, Pitch, and Pitch Change

Pitch-Changing Mechanism

Intensity and Intensity Change

Clinical Considerations

Linguistic Aspects of Pitch and Intensity

Theories of Phonation

Pathologies That May Affect Phonation

Structural Etiologies

Degenerative Neurological Diseases

Chapter Summary

Decibel Practice Activity

Chapter 5 Study Questions

Chapter 5 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 6. Anatomy of Articulation and Resonation

Source-Filter Theory of Vowel Production

The Articulators

Bones of the Face and Cranial Skeleton

Bones of the Face

Bones of the Cranial Skeleton

Dentition

Dental Development

Dental Occlusion

Cavities of the Vocal Tract

Muscles of the Face and Mouth

Muscles of the Face

Muscles of the Mouth

Muscles of Mastication: Mandibular Elevators and Depressors

Muscles of the Velum

Muscles of the Pharynx

Chapter Summary

Chapter 6 Study Questions

Chapter 6 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 7. Physiology of Articulation and Resonation

Instrumentation in Articulation

Speech Function

Lips

Mandible

Tongue

Velum

Development of Articulatory Ability

Development of the Vocal Tract

Coordinated Articulation

Central Control Theory

Dynamic or Action Theory Models

The DIVA Model of Speech Production

Pathologies That May Affect Articulation

Problems Affecting Dentition

Problems Affecting the Tongue

Mandibular and Maxillary Problems

Problems Affecting Lips and Palate

Neurogenic Conditions Affecting Speech

Chapter Summary

Chapter 7 Study Questions

Chapter 7 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 8. Physiology of Mastication and Deglutition

Mastication and Deglutition

Instrumentation in Swallowing Function

Anatomical and Physiological Developmental Issues

Organizational Patterns of Mastication and Deglutition

Oral Stage: Oral Preparation

Oral Stage: Transport

Pharyngeal Stage

Esophageal Stage

Process Model of Mastication and Deglutition

Neurophysiological Underpinnings of Mastication and Deglutition

Sensation Associated with Mastication and Deglutition

Salivation Response

Reflexive Circuits of Mastication and Deglutition

Chewing Reflex

Orienting, Rooting, and Suckling/Sucking Reflexes

Uvular (Palatal) Reflex

Gag (Pharyngeal) Reflex

Retch and Vomit Reflex

Cough Reflex

Pain Withdrawal Reflex

Apneic Reflex

Respiration Reflexes

Swallowing Reflex

Reexamination of the Patterns for Mastication and Deglutition: A Complex Integration of Reflexes and Voluntary Action

Pathologies Affecting Swallowing Function

Chapter Summary

Chapter 8 Study Questions

Chapter 8 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 9. Anatomy of Hearing

The Structures of Hearing

Outer Ear

Middle Ear

Structure of the Tympanic Membrane

Landmarks of the Middle Ear

Inner Ear

Osseous Vestibule

Osseous Semicircular Canals

Osseous Cochlear Labyrinth

Innervation Pattern of the Organ of Corti

Chapter Summary

Chapter 9 Study Questions

Chapter 9 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 10. Auditory Physiology

Instrumentation in Hearing Research

Outer Ear

Middle Ear Function

Inner Ear Function

Vestibular Mechanism

Auditory Mechanism: Mechanical Events

Electrical Events

Resting Potentials

Potentials Arising from Stimulation

Neural Responses

Post-Stimulus Time Histograms

Interspike Interval and Period Histograms

Frequency Selectivity

Auditory Pathway Responses

Pathologies That May Affect Audition

Inflammatory Conditions

Congenital Problems

Traumatic Lesions

Neoplastic Changes

Semicircular Canal Dehiscence

Chapter Summary

Media Connection

Chapter 10 Study Questions

Chapter 10 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy

Overview

Divisions of the Nervous System

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems

Development Divisions

Anatomy of the CNS and PNS

Neurons

Anatomy of the Cerebrum

Medial Surface of Cerebral Cortex

Inferior Surface of Cerebral Cortex

Myelinated Fibers

Anatomy of the Subcortex

Cerebrovascular System

Cerebellum

Anatomy of the Brainstem

Superficial Brainstem Landmarks

Deep Structure of the Brainstem

Cranial Nerves

Cranial Nerve Classification

Specific Cranial Nerves

Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

Chapter Summary

Chapter 11 Study Questions

Chapter 11 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Chapter 12. Neurophysiology

Instrumentation in Neurophysiology

The Neuron

Neuron Function

Muscle Function

Higher Functioning

Motor System Lesions

Afferent Inputs

Association Regions

Hemispheric Specialization

Lesion Studies

Motor Control for Speech

Neurogenic Conditions That May Affect Communication

Acquired Conditions

Degenerative Diseases

Chapter Summary

Chapter 12 Study Questions

Chapter 12 Study Question Answers

Bibliography

Appendix A. Anatomical Terms

Appendix B. Useful Combining Forms

Appendix C. Muscles of Respiration

Thoracic Muscles of Inspiration

Abdominal Muscles of Expiration

Muscles of Upper Limb

Appendix D. Muscles of Phonation

Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

Extrinsic Laryngeal, Infrahyoid, and Suprahyoid Muscles

Appendix E. Muscles of Face, Soft Palate, and Pharynx

Muscles of the Face

Muscles of the Pharynx

Appendix F. Sensors

General Classes

Specific Types

Classes of Sensation

Appendix G. Cranial Nerves

Classes of Cranial Nerves

Cranial Nerves, Sources, and Functions

Glossary

Index